Solution to faults in wellhead equipment
Published time:
2022-01-28
The wellhead device is the production hub of an oil well, which is the surface part of the entire oil well. Whether it is a self flowing wellhead device or a pumping well device, their main function is to suspend the tubing string and bear the weight of all tubing strings in the well; Seal the annular space of oil pipes and casing to ensure the smooth progress of various underground operations, control and adjust production data and daily management. Therefore, the performance of wellhead equipment has a significant impact on oil wells. With the increase of oilfield development time, due to natural conditions, external and human factors, wellhead equipment may be damaged to varying degrees. In order to maintain the normal production of oil wells, identifying the causes of damage to the wellhead equipment, analyzing the influencing factors, and repairing it in a timely manner is an important task for well repair.
Solution to faults in wellhead equipment
The wellhead device is the production hub of an oil well, which is the surface part of the entire oil well. Whether it is a self flowing wellhead device or a pumping well device, their main function is to suspend the tubing string and bear the weight of all tubing strings in the well; Seal the annular space of oil pipes and casing to ensure the smooth progress of various underground operations, control and adjust production data and daily management. Therefore, the performance of wellhead equipment has a significant impact on oil wells. With the increase of oilfield development time, due to natural conditions, external and human factors, wellhead equipment may be damaged to varying degrees. In order to maintain the normal production of oil wells, identifying the causes of damage to the wellhead equipment, analyzing the influencing factors, and repairing it in a timely manner is an important task for well repair.
Due to the different types of wellhead and the wide variety of wellhead devices, the specific situation of each well varies, so there are also many types of faults in the wellhead devices. However, wellhead faults can be summarized in four words: "puncture", "leakage", "damage", and "death". The main phenomena are as follows:
1. Sting
The manifestation of this type of aging phenomenon is that the gates, flanges, and connections are exposed to oil or water. Generally, there are fewer on oil wells and more on water wells, because during water injection, the surface pump pressure is very high. Therefore, the performance and withstand voltage requirements of the equipment are very strict. If there are individual parts in the wellhead device that are poorly sealed or have damaged gaskets, it is easy to cause wellhead thorns. Some also experience severe corrosion of equipment due to long-term high-pressure water injection, resulting in ineffective sealing components and the occurrence of thorns, which prevent normal production of oil and water wells.
2. Leakage
This type of fault is caused by leakage or water droplets in the components of the wellhead device, which is due to poor long-term performance of the equipment, or damage to the threaded part during maintenance, failure to tighten, etc., resulting in high-pressure liquid seepage or leakage in the well. This phenomenon not only pollutes the environment, is not easy to manage, affects the normal production of oil wells, but also makes it unsafe and can easily cause major accidents.
3. Bad
Damage to equipment or components can reduce the effectiveness of the wellhead device and cause it to malfunction. The main causes of damage to wellhead equipment (or equipment) are accidental damage during production and maintenance, as well as damage during downhole operations and workovers. Improper management system or violation of operating procedures can also damage wellhead equipment.
4. Death
This type of malfunction phenomenon is due to equipment inflexibility or necrosis, which is caused by knocking or rusting due to loss of maintenance and lubrication, as well as the failure to remove contaminated and corrosive liquids. This makes the operation of the wellhead equipment inflexible and even ineffective, affecting the smooth progress of production and construction. If the gate plate of the wellhead gate falls off, the screw thread is bent or rusted, it cannot be used normally.
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